Life is manifested in piece of literature. As technological progress, there are many aspects that appear in literature such as history, psychology, sociology, philosophy, politics, personal and so on.Both psychology and literature are dealing with human’s world. Human has different path in life and also the human’s needs of every human are different. The human needs have already explained and theorized by Maslow. Abraham Maslow’s theory named as Hierarchy of Needs.
This study analyzes the needs experienced by main characters and the characteristics of self-actualization portrayed in Peter Pevensie in Prince Caspian: The Return to Narnia novel written by C.S. Lewis. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data are taken from the novel such as dialogues, narratives, and monologues. There were steps that used to collect the data such as reading the novel, identifying the data, classifying the data, and reducing the data.
This study finds the hierarchy of needs in the main characters based on Abraham Maslow’s theory. The first is the fulfillment of the needs experienced by the main characters Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy Pevensie. The main characters experienced all the needs: physiological needs, safety needs, love / belongingness needs, and esteem needs. The next was, Peter, the eldest brother satisfied the self-actualization need. He becomes the self-actualized person. Besides, he satisfied five of the self-actualization’s characteristics: perceive reality more efficiently, acceptance (self, others, nature), problem centering, the democratic character structure and imperfections.
Keywords: Hierarchy of Needs, Self-Actualization, Characteristics of Self-Actualized Person.